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The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of academic medical education on knowledge, beliefs and preventive behaviours related to Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) among medical students at Qassim University, Saudi Arabia, and to explore the underlying factors. This study adopted the Health Belief Model as a theoretical framework and followed an explanatory sequential mixed-methods study design. Three study phases were applied, in addition to a systematic literature review. In the first phase, questionnaires were distributed among 195 first- and final-year medical students to assess and compare their knowledge, beliefs and preventive behaviours related to T2D. The second phase aimed to explain the reasons behind phase one's findings by interviewing 25 final-year medical students. The third phase complemented the phase two findings and provided a complete picture of the medical education role in promoting medical students' health behaviours. This phase involved analysing 38 medical education-related documents from three medical institutions in Saudi Arabia using the documentary content analysis approach. Although medical students were aware of the magnitude of T2D and believed in the severity of and their susceptibility to T2D, the following T2D preventive behaviours were below the recommended standards. The first phase of the study showed a lack of medical education's influence on the first- and final-year medical students’ T2D preventive behaviours. In the second phase, final-year medical students justified this outcome based on the limited resources and students’ wellbeing services. They highlighted the positive influencing role of social and religious values in promoting their health behaviours. The third phase revealed the great emphasis placed on these values compared to students’ wellbeing strategies in medical curricula. In conclusion, medical education in Saudi Arabia did not influence the medical students’ T2D preventive behaviours, and there is a need to consider medical students’ wellbeing through the medical curriculum.

The Influence of Medical Education on Knowledge, Beliefs and Preventive Behaviours Related to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among Medical Students in Saudi Arabia