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espanolEl creciente interes por el desarrollo de alternativas frente al uso masivo de cementantes tradicionales en aplicaciones geotecnicas, tales como cemento y cal, se debe en gran medida a los retos ambientales y costos asociados en este tipo de aplicaciones. Los cementantes activados alcalinamente surgen como una de las alternativas de mayor sostenibilidad, particularmente por su bajo consumo energetico y en teoria la baja huella de carbono en su fabricacion; ademas, tienen la posibilidad de utilizar residuos y subproductos industriales como materiales precursores en su fabricacion. Este articulo presenta un estado del arte de los diversos materiales empleados convencionalmente en la estabilizacion quimica de suelos y realiza una revision de los articulos publicados en relacion con la implementacion de cementantes activados alcalinamente, su viabilidad tecnica, los impactos ambientales asociados y los retos que se deben superar para lograr posicionarlos como una alternativa sostenible para procesos geotecnicos. EnglishThe growing interest in the development of alternatives to the use of traditional binders in geotechnical applications, such as cement and lime, is largely due to the environmental challenges and associated costs in this type of applications. Alkali-activated binders emerge as one of the most sustainable alternatives, particularly because of their low energy consumption and in theory the low carbon footprint in their manufacture. In addition, this type of binders have the possibility of using industrial waste and by-products as precursor materials in their production process. This article presents a state of the art of the various materials conventionally used in the chemical stabilization of soils and performs a review of published articles in relation to the implementation of alkali-activated binders. The technical feasibility, the environmental impacts associated, the challenges that must be overcome in order to position them as a sustainable alternative for geotechnical processes, and the advantages and disadvantages of its application are considered.

Estabilización química de suelos - Materiales convencionales y activados alcalinamente (revisión)