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Caries lesion progression is difficult to determine with visual and tactile examinations. The hypothesis of this study was that reflection and roughness measurements could determine caries progression. Ground/polished sound human enamel specimens were analyzed at baseline (sound) and after two four-day demineralization periods for reflection using optical reflectometry (ORef) and for roughness using optical surface profilometry (SPro). Specimens were demineralized using a microbial- Streptococcus mutans aries model. Comparisons among the periods for ORef and SPro were performed using repeated measures analysis of variance. Two-sample t-tests were used for differences in transverse microradiography. The integrated mineral loss and depth of the four-day demineralization period were significantly smaller than those for the eight-day demineralization period ( p&lt;0.01). With increased demineralization time, reflection was significantly decreased and roughness was significantly increased ( p&lt;0.01). Correlation between ORef and SPro was moderate ( r=-0.63). Both reflection and roughness can be characterized for nondestructive longitudinal assessment of caries lesion progression.

Determination of Caries Lesion Activity: Reflection and Roughness for Characterization of Caries Progression