Preintervention Clinical Determinants and Measured β-Cell Function as Predictors of Type 2 Diabetes Remission After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery

OBJECTIVE Bariatric surgery results in improved glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Single and clusters of clinical determinants have been identified as presurgery predictors of postsurgery diabetes remission. Our goal was to assess whether the addition of measured preoperative β-cell function would improve established clinical models of prediction of diabetes remission. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Presurgery clinical characteristics, metabolic markers, and β-cell function after oral and intravenous (IV) glucose challenges were assessed in 73 individuals with severe obesity and type 2 diabetes and again 1 year after gastric bypass surgery. Single and multivariate analyses were conducted with preoperative variables to determine the best predictive models of remission. RESULTS Presurgery β-cell glucose sensitivity, a surrogate of β-cell function, was negatively correlated with known diabetes duration, HbA1c, insulin use, and the diabetes remission scores DiaRem and advanced (Ad)-DiaRem (all P < 0.001). Measured β-cell function after oral glucose was 1.6-fold greater than after the IV glucose challenge and more strongly correlated with preoperative clinical and metabolic characteristics. The addition of preoperative β-cell function to clinical models containing well-defined diabetes remission scores did not improve the model’s ability to predict diabetes remission after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. CONCLUSIONS The addition of measured β-cell function does not add predictive value to defined clinical models of diabetes remission 1 year after surgical weight loss.