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Construction of new blocks of the Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) PAKS 2 in Hungary last few months caused vigorous debate in the media. Most of the titles, as always when it comes to radiation, is sensationalistic and encourages fear and concern of the Serbian population because of the proximity of a nuclear installations to our border. As the professional community does not sound a lot, spreading of fear is undisturbed. The exploitation of nuclear energy and the accelerated construction of NPPs began with the assertion that this is, unlike thermal power plants, environmentally clean, safe and secure energy production. However, reality shows that every ten years at least one large-scale nuclear accident happens, called major nuclear accident, which can endanger people and the environment. Currently there are over 440 NPPs operating in the world. None of them is in Serbia . This spring marks the 30th anniversary of the accident in the Chernobyl NPP, one of the largest in the history of the application of nuclear energy and 5 years from the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi NPP, which was just by chance not overcome by the harmful effects. Although geographically distant, these events had a profound influence on Serbia and entire European continent, not only by harmful effects on the health of the population and the environment, but also influenced public opinion and attitude towards nuclear energy as well as the defence and response organization in the event of accident. It became definitely clear that accidents of this type, which are not limited by political and national borders, can only be tackled through joint and synchronized activities. This attitude has led to the launch of a number of joint activities under the auspices of international organizations (United nation – UN, the World Health Organization WHO, International Atomic Energy Agency – IAEA): education, synchronization, joint team creation, programs of mutual assistance and notification, mutual long-term monitoring of late effects. Each of these accidents was analyzed in all respects to observe the slightest flaw and find solutions to overcome the observed and the prevention of recurrence of error. In most countries such accident was the cause to review their response plans in case of accident, and improve them by incorporating new knowledge. As members of the Team for response in the event of radiation accidents and consequence monitoring, we wanted to remind of both Chernobyl and Fukushima Daiichi accident. The aim is to analyze preparedness of our country for the event of a new nuclear accident and whether we have reason for concern about the construction of new reactors in the NPP Paks 2 in Hungary.

Chernobyl and Fukushima nuclear accidents: What have we learned and what have we done?