Pathogenesis of ruminant mastitises

Health disorders of the udder include: Inflammation of gland parenchim (mastitis), milk lead system (galactoforitis) and nipples (telitis); nipple and gland injuries; functional disturbance; deformities; gland skin disease (as itself or as a symptom of basic illness); pathological swelling of udder; udder lymph system disease (lymph nuts and leads). These disturbances are mostly autonomous in their appearance. However, on the basis of different diagnostic and prognostic view-points it is clear that there is a connection between them. As udder diseases and functional disturbances, mastitises are most frequent and significant because of their characteristics (spreading of illness, economic importance, treatment). Aggregate results of bacteriology in milk samples revealed significant differences of the frequency of Staphyloccoccus aureus, a possibly saprophytic microflora, and the negative yields between examination periods. Obviously, nipple immersion into the disinfectant would reduce the population of specific bacteria and stop them from occupying the tips of the nipples and the distal portions of the ductis papilaris. Thus the aim of nipple disinfections after milking is not to eliminate an already existing infection but to prevent the udder-to-udder or cow-to-cow transfer of the microflora