Contraction of radiator length in heavy vehicles using cerium oxide nanofluid by enhancing heat transfer performance

In this present investigation, heat transfer performance of CeO2-ethylene glycol as coolants in heat pipes are analyzed. Various concentrations of 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.25, 1.5, and 2.0 vol.% with different volumetric flow 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 3.5, and 4.0 lpm at a temperature of 40°C, are investigated experimentally and the results are numerically analyzed by means of cross tube heat exchanger and horizontal flow with twist plate insert. The results are scrutinized to evaluate the best concentration which will reduce the size of the existing radiator length. The results demonstrated that, for 0.75 vol.% combination of CeO2-ethylene glycol resulted in increase of heat transfer coefficient compared to the combination of water-ethylene glycol. Increase in volumetric flow rate of the coolant increase the heat transfer coefficient results in the contraction of radiator length. Replacing the original coolant with the proposed combination, it is estimated that the size of the radiator, inventory of the fluid, and pumping power is reduced, thus, making this nanofluid an energy efficient fluid for the engine cooling system