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As an eco-friendly working fluid, carbon dioxide or R744 is expected to   substitute for the existing working fluids used in heat pump systems. It is,   however, challenged by the much higher heat rejection pressure in   transcritical cycle compared with the traditional subcritical cycle using   freons. There exists a worldwide tendency to utilize blend refrigerants as   alternatives. Therefore, a new binary blend R744/R161 in this research is   proposed in order to decrease the heat rejection pressure. Meanwhile, on   mixing R744 with R161, the flammability and explosivity of R161 can be   suppressed because of the extinguishing effect of R744. A transcritical   thermodynamic model is developed, and then the system performances of heat   pump using R744/R161 blend are investigated and compared with those of pure   R744 system under the same operation conditions. The variations of heat   rejection pressure, heating coefficient of performance, unit volumetric   heating capacity, discharge temperature of compressor and the mass fraction   of R744/R161 are researched. The results show that R744/R161 mixture can   reduce the heat rejection pressure of transcritical heat pump system

Binary blend of carbon dioxide and fluoro ethane as working fluid in transcritical heat pump systems