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Phase change materials have found many industrial applications such as   cooling of electronic devices and thermal energy storage. This paper   investigates numerically the melting process of a phase change material in a   two-dimensional horizontal annulus with different arrangements of two   discrete heat sources. The sources are positioned on the inner cylinder of   the annulus and assumed as constant-temperature boundary conditions. The   remaining portion of the inner cylinder wall as well as the outer cylinder   wall is considered to be insulated. The emphasis is mainly on the effects of   the arrangement of the heat source pair on the fluid flow and heat transfer   features. The governing equations are solved on a non-uniform O type mesh   using a pressure-based finite volume method with an enthalpy porosity   technique to trace the solid and liquid interface. The results are obtained   at Ra=104 and presented in terms of streamlines, isotherms, melting phase   front, liquid fraction and dimensionless heat flux. It is observed that,   depending on the arrangement of heat sources, the liquid fraction increases   both linearly and non-linearly with time but will slow down at the end of the   melting process. It can also be concluded that proper arrangement of discrete   heat sources has the great potential in improving the energy storage system.   For instance, the arrangement C3 where the heat sources are located on the   bottom part of the inner cylinder wall can expedite the melting process as   compared to the other arrangements

Melting of a phase change material in a horizontal annulus with discrete heat sources