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Three-fluid model is used to calculate the pressure drops in a vertical pipe  with the annular flow pattern for condensing steam. The three-fluid models  are based on the mass, momentum, and energy balance equations for each of the  fluid streams in the annular flow. There are discrepancies between  predictions of three-fluid model for pressure drops and the experimental data  for pressure drops when using the avail­able correlations for steam-film  interfacial friction. The correlation by Stevanovic et at provides good match  with experimental data, but it does not take into account some important  factors affecting the pressure drops in its three-fluid model. One of these  significant factors which is considered in the three fluid model used in the  present paper is virtual mass (added mass) force term. Inclusion of the  virtual mass force improves the pressure drop predictions such that they  agree much better with the experiments

Effect of virtual mass force on prediction of pressure changes in condensing tubes