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The article discusses the gradual abandonment of the efforts to verify  hypotheses and complex theoretical assumptions in the social sciences by  observation. The first section shows the classical understanding that  emphasized the importance of the theoretically directed observation. The  second section shows the efforts towards inclusion of the observed in the  interpretation of observations. The third section contains an analysis of the  impact of today’s strict division on the qualitative and quantitative  methodology. This influence can be seen in a complete separation of the  structured observation and participatory observation, the disintegration of  observation as a research procedure, its replacement by ethnography and case  study method, as well as abandoning more general theoretical ambition within  qualitative methodology. The fourth section analyzes the epistemological  consequences of efforts to understand the fieldwork primarily as a power  relationship and to transform the observed into the subjects of research.  Development of the attitudes on the relationship between theory and research  in the application of methods of observation in social sciences is associated  with theoretical eclecticism in the field of contemporary sociological theory  and distancing from philosophy of science with its understanding of the role  of research programs and research traditions in the field of growth of  scientific knowledge. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br.  179035: Izazovi nove drustvene integracije u Srbiji: koncepti i akteri]

Some questions on the relationship between theory and research in the application of method of observation