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. Acute mastoiditis is the most common otogenic complication  among infants and young children and is always considered a serious  complication. In addition to determining the age at which mastoiditis  usually occurred in children, the time of onset of clinical signs in  relation to the onset of symptoms of middle ear inflammation, as well as the  most common clinical signs of mastoiditis, the study has been aimed at  finding out whether mastoiditis is of seasonal character. Material and  Methods. A retrospective study of children surgically treated for  mastoiditis was conducted at the Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Disease  of the Clinical Center of Vojvodina in Novi Sad in the period January 1,  2002 - December 31, 2011. The sample included 56 children (30 boys - 53.57%,  and 26 girls - 46.42%), up to 17 years of age. The obtained results were  statistically analyzed and presented using Microfsot EXCEL for statistical  analysis. Results. Mastoiditis is most common in children up to 2 years of  age, 39/56 (69.82%). It has a seasonal character, with the peak season in  the autumn-winter period, with a statistically significant difference  compared to the spring-summer period (p = 0.0449, i.e. p<0.05). In 25  children (44.64%), the middle ear symptoms lasted up to three weeks before  operation. Otomicroscopic findings showed that the tympanic membrane was  thickened and stiff in 41 children (73.21%) and 9 children (16.07%)  presented with thickened tympanic membrane and lowering of the posterior  wall of the external auditory canal. Conclusion. Mastoiditis in children is  most common among children up to 24 months of age. It has a seasonal  tendency. In nearly half of the cases, clinical manifestations of  mastoiditis appear 3 weeks after the onset of the first symptoms of middle  ear inflammation, whereas the key otomicroscopic finding is stiffness and  thickening of the tympanic membrane.

Mastoiditis in children: A retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics