A spectrophotometric study of the reaction of copigmentation of malvin and tannic acid

The reaction of copigmentation of malvidin 3,5-diglucoside and tannic acid of the ester type was studied. The interactions of these molecules were observed via UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy. It was established that the pH of the medium, the concentration of the copigmentating molecules, and the temperature affect the copigmentation process. The calculated equilibrium constant of the reaction of pH 3.00 is K = 226.9, and at pH 3.65 it is K = 277.0. The change of the Gibbs free energy in pH 3.00 buffer is ∆G = –13.4 kJ/mol, and in pH 3.65 buffer it is ∆G = –13.9 kJ/mol. The stoichiometric ratio of the components in the copigment is 1:1, at both pH values. It is evident from the calculated values of the thermodynamic functions that the process is thermodynamically favorable in the lower temperature range. Temperature appears as the basic parameter of the thermodynamic feasability of the process, since the copigmentation process is exothermic (∆HpH=3.00 = – 41.6 kJ/mol and ∆HpH=3.65 = – 41.6 kJ/mol) and proceeds with a decrease in entropy (∆SpH=3.00 = – 94.4 J/mol K and ∆SpH=3.65 = –92.7 J/mol K).