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The optimal operation of the blast furnace depends considerably on the  properties of the sinter fed into the furnace. As a result, the optimization  of the sintering processes has a direct effect on the overall effectiveness  of the iron making processes. In order to produce a good sinter special care  needs to be taken in order to assure it has a good permeability and  reducibility and it is able to retain these properties for a certain time. If  the sinter starts to melt down early in the upper part of the blast furnace,  where its solid state reduction is essential, permeability decreases, the gas  channels get blocked, reductibility diminishes and serious problems may also  follow. Among the factors that influences the above mentioned sinter  properties are the oxygen potential and fluxing components. Nevertheless,  their effect on the phase relations during sintering and sinter reduction  conditions has not yet entirely clarified and confusion exists in literature.  This quantification becomes even more important today where many new minor  components such as Al2O3 and MgO enter the sinter through raw materials. This  work quantifies the effect of oxygen potential and fluxing components such as  alumina and magnesia on the liquidus and phase relations of the sinter  primary melts in the iron rich portion of CaO-FeO-Fe2O3-SiO2 system at  sintering conditions. This is carried out by the means of new type of  industrial diagrams in the form of Fe/CaO vs. SiO2 that can directly help the  optimization of the sintering processes

Effect of oxygen potential and fluxing components on phase relations during sintering of iron ore