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The aim of this study was to examine the insecticidal activities of powders   of bitter leaf, cashew leaf, orange peel and pawpaw leaf against   Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). These were tested at   2.5%, 5.0% and 7.5% (w/w) for their insecticidal activities against the   insect. Results showed that the ovicidal and adulticidal activities of the   plant powders depended on dosages and exposure time. Mortalities of 16.28%   and 18.75% were observed in bitter leaf powder applied at 7.5% (w/w) dosage   within 24 and 48 hours post infestation (HPI), respectively. In grains   treated with 7.5% orange peel powder, 12.50% and 16.28% mortalities were   observed within 24 and 48 HPI, respectively. Each of bitter leaf and orange   peel powders was significantly different (p<0.05) in causing adult mortality   at the highest dosage compared with the control. Oviposition was inhibited at   the highest dosage of the plant powders, but the percentage of oviposition in   the lower dosages was three-fold lower than the control. The plant powders   also significantly reduced progeny emergence and grain damaged by the beetle.   No beetle emergence was recorded in grains treated with bitter leaf powder at   27 DPI. Adult beetles in grains treated with cashew and pawpaw leaf powders   caused grain damage of 46.3-54.7% and 44.7-60.7%, respectively during the   study period. There was a noteworthy decrease in insecticidal effects of the   plant powders as indicated: bitter leaf > orange peel > cashew leaf > pawpaw   leaf. It is recommended that incorporating these plant parts in pest   management of stored products will guarantee user safety, reduce   environmental pollution and suppress insect infestation

Peel and leaf powders of three fruits and a vegetable as promising botanicals against Callosobruchus maculatus (F.)