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This paper aims to identify the hazelnut characteristics of four different  populations (Agli-Tunuslar, Agli-Musellimler, Arac-Guzluk and  Tosya-Kucuksekiler) in the North Western Black Sea Region of Turkey, one of  the most important areas of economic interest for this species. There, the  Turkish hazel (Corylus colurna L.) grows in its optimal conditions and  reveals relatively high inter-population and intra-population variation in  terms of nut characteristics. With the purpose of assessing variation,  measurements were performed in four populations in Kastamonu district on 14  different nut characteristics (number of nuts per cluster, nut length (mm),  nut width (mm), nut thickness (mm), shell thickness (mm), nut size (mm), nut  shape, compression index, nut weight (g), kernel length (mm), kernel width  (mm), kernel thickness (mm), kernel weight (g) and kernel ratio (%) of  representative samples of the populations. Significant differences were  found out among populations with regard to all of nut characteristics  (p<0.05). The four populations have created two groups, population of  Agli-Tunuslar and the others, according to cluster analysis. The closest  populations have been Tosya-Kucuksekiler and Arac-Guzluk in terms of nut  characteristics. According to the results obtained either on population  basis or without population discrimination; significant correlations were  determined between the majorities of the nut characters. The Arac-Guzluk  population showed nuts the biggest among those examined and it is the  population which took the highest values in terms of nut size traits while  the Tosya-Kucuksekiler provenance showed the highest values with the average  values of 5, 15.92 mm, 1.32 and 11.75 mm respectively for nuts per cluster,  nut width, compression index and kernel width. The Agli-Tunuslar population  showed the highest kernel ratio with 38.2%.

Preliminary results of Turkish hazelnut (Corylus colurna L.) populations for testing the nut characteristics