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Acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicides play an important role in   controlling broad-leaved weeds. Populations of Sagittaria trifolia L. showed   resistance to ALS-inhibiting sulfonylurea herbicides (e.g.   bensulfuron-methyl) in paddy fields in the northeast of China. In our study,   whole-plant bioassays were performed on eight suspected resistant S.   trifolia populations that showed high levels of resistance to   bensulfuron-methyl, with resistance indices from 31.06 to 120.35. The   results of ALS-activity assays were consistent with the observed whole-plant   dose-response data. This confirmed that resistant populations displayed   significantly higher ALS activity than the sensitive population due to   prevention of normal enzyme-herbicide interaction. The mutations   Pro-197-Ser, Pro-197-His, Pro-197-Thr and Pro-197-Leu were identified in the   ALS gene of resistant populations. Pro-197-His and Pro-197-Thr mutations   conferring resistance to bensulfuron-methyl are reported for the first time   in S. trifolia. All resistant populations were resistant to sulfonylurea   (SU) herbicides, but not to imidazolinone (IMI) herbicides. HLJ-5 and JL-3   populations were resistant to bispyribac-sodium of the   pyrimidinyl-thiobenozoate (PTB) class of ALS herbicides, JL-2 to penoxsulam   of triazolopyrimidine (TP) class and JL-1 to pyribenzoxim, also of PTB   class. The eight S. trifolia populations were susceptible to other herbicide   modes of action tested

archives of biological sciences

Bensulfuron-methyl resistant Sagittaria trifolia L.: Multiple resistance, cross-resistance and molecular basis of resistance to acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides