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Sialic acids mainly occur as components on cell surface glycoproteins and   glycolipids. They play a major role in the chemical and biological diversity   of glycoconjugates. Although sialic acids exhibit great structural   variability in vertebrates, glycoconjugates with sialic acids have also been   determined in small amounts in invertebrates. It has been suggested that   sialic acids play important roles in the development and function of the   nervous system. Despite Bombyx mori being a model organism for the   investigation of many physiological processes, sialic acid changes in its   nervous system have not been examined during development and aging.   Therefore, in this study we aimed to determine sialic acid changes in the   nervous system of Bombyx mori during development and aging processes. Liquid   chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and lectin immunohistochemistry were   carried out in order to find variations among different developmental stages.   Developmental stages were selected as 3rd instar (the youngest) and 5th   larval instar (young), motionless prepupa (the oldest) and 13-day-old pupa   (adult development). At all stages, only Neu5Ac was present, however, it   dramatically decreased during the developmental and aging stages. On the   other hand, an increase was observed in the amount of Neu5Ac during the pupal   stage. In immunohistochemistry experiments with Maackia amurensis agglutinin   (MAA) and Sambucus nigra agglutinin (SNA) lectins, the obtained staining was   consistent with the obtained LC-MS results. These findings indicate that   sialic acids are abundant at the younger stages but that they decrease in the   insect nervous system during development and aging, similarly as in mammals

Determination of sialic acids in the nervous system of silkworm (Bombyx mori L.): Effects of aging and development