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Social isolation induced a significant increase in resting heart rate and   reduction in heart rate variability. Dysfunction of the intrinsic cardiac   nervous system is implicated in the genesis of cardiovascular diseases.   Previous evidence suggests that cardiac ganglia contain noradrenergic   neurons. Thus, immunohistochemical expression of catecholaminesynthesizing   enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and vesicular monoamine transporter 2   (VMAT2) were analyzed, as well as the effects of social isolation stress on   mRNA and protein levels of this enzyme and transporter in the intrinsic   cardiac nervous system of adult rats. Our results indicate that cardiac   ganglion neurons express TH and VMAT2 immunoreactivity. Chronic isolated   stress of rats caused a decrease in TH mRNA and VMAT2 mRNA in the neurons of   intrinsic cardiac ganglia. No significant alterations in the protein levels   of TH and VMAT2 were observed in these neurons. These data indicate that the   neurons of intrinsic cardiac ganglia express TH as well as VMAT2 but that   social isolation stress does not change their protein levels. [Projekat   Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. 173044

archives of biological sciences

Immunohistochemical detection and gene expression of tyrosine hydroxylase and vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 in intrinsic cardiac ganglia of socially isolated rats