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The protective effect of probiotic bacteria against cadmium (Cd)-induced  genotoxicity was studied in rat hepatocytes in vivo and in vitro. Male Wistar  rats, Rattus norvegicus, were treated for five weeks with (i) CdCl2 (70 ppm  in the drinking water), (ii) a mixture of lyophilized probiotic bacteria  Lactobacillus rhamnosus, L. acidophilus and Bifido-bacterium longum (5×108  cfu/g of food), or (iii) CdCl2 and probiotic bacteria. In addition, single  cells obtained from the untreated rat liver were exposed to CdCl2 (70 ppm),  probiotic bacteria (1.28 mg/ml), or CdCl2 and probiotic bacteria, for 15 min  at 22°C in the dark. The level of Cd-induced DNA damage in hepatocytes was  determined by the comet assay. The obtained results show that probiotic  bacteria significantly reduced Cd-induced genotoxicity, both in vivo and in  vitro (20% and 48%, respectively). Moreover, the toxicity of Cd to  lactobacilli in the gastrointestinal tracts of rats was significantly  decreased in the probiotic-treated animals. The binding of Cd2+ to probiotic  bacteria was proposed as the most probable protection mechanism.  [Acknowledgments. This research was financially supported by the Ministry of  Education and Science of the Government of Serbia, projects No 172058 and  173023

Protective effect of probiotic bacteria against cadmium-induced genotoxicity in rat hepatocytes in vivo and in vitro