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Xanthogaleruca luteola Müll. (Col.: Chrysomelidae) is a major urban insect  pest on elm trees in Iran. Digestion in the alimentary canal of the elm leaf  beetle is facilitated by some carbohydrases which are responsible for the  digestion of carbohydrates. The presence of digestive carbohydrases was  determined in the digestive system of adult and last larval instar of the elm  leaf beetle. The specific activity of α-amylase in the digestive system of  adult females and last larval instars were 0.49± 0.05 and 0.72± 0.07  μmol/min/mg protein, respectively. Also, the amylase activity in the midgut  of the last larval instar was 3.125- and 4.16-fold higher than that its  activity in the foregut and hindgut, respectively. Results showed that  optimum activity for α-amylase was found at pH 5. As calculated from  Lineweaver-Burk plots, the Km values for α-amylase were 0.64 and 1.44 mg/ml,  when glycogen and starch were used as substrates, respectively. The effect of  pH and temperature on α- and ß-glucosidase and α- and β-galactosidase  activities was determined in the digestive system of X. luteola. Results  showed that the activity of α- and ß-glucosidases in adult females was higher  than in larvae, but the Яgalactosidase activity in larvae was more than that  of the adult. In adult females the glucosidase activity was higher than the  galactosidase activity. The zymogram pattern in the native gel revealed that  X. luteola α-amylase, β-glucosidase and β-galactosidase in the digestive  system had one, three and one isoforms. α-amylase inhibitors, purified from  Phaseolus vulgaris L. with an ion-exchange DEAE cellulose column showed good  inhibitory activity on X. luteola gut α-amylase

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Biochemical characterization of digestive carbohydrases from Xanthogaleruca luteola and inhibition of its α-amylase by inhibitors extracted from the common bean