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It is well known that antidepressants affect central monoaminergic  neurotransmission and that they also modulate hormone release in peripheral  tissues. Repeated maprotiline (a noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor) and  fluoxetine (a serotonin reuptake inhibitor) treatment on gene expression of  the catecholamine biosynthetic enzymes were examined in rat atria and  ventricles in vivo. Maprotiline decreased the gene expression of tyrosine  hydroxylase (TH) and dopamineβ-hydroxylase (DBH) in the rat atrium.  Fluoxetine increased gene expression of TH and DBH, but not of  phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT). Chronic application of  antidepressants did not change the expression of these enzymes in the  ventricles. We conclude that repeated administration of fluoxetine enhances  gene transcription of TH and DBH and subsequently stimulates noradrenaline  synthesis in rat atria in vivo

Differential in vivo regulation of TH and DBH mRNA in rat atria by maprotiline and fluoxetine