Evidence Confirms the Presence of Cougars (<em>Puma concolor</em>) in Ontario, Canada

A study was initiated to collect and collate evidence to resolve the long-standing question of whether free-ranging Cougars ( Puma concolor ) exist on the Ontario landscape. A total of 497 pieces of evidence confirmed that Cougars were present in Ontario during the period 1991 to 2010. That evidence included 21 pieces of class 1 evidence (scat, hair, DNA, tracks, photographs of a Cougar), 13 class 2 sightings (by qualified observers such as biologists), and 463 class 3 sightings (credible sightings by unqualified observers). The evidence presented in this paper indicates the presence in Ontario of free-ranging Cougars of unknown origin.