Brugia malayi dan Dirofilaria spp sebagai penyebab Filariasis pada hewan reservoir di daerah endemis di Kalimantan

Lymphatic filariasis and dirofilariasis are zoonotic diseases potential in Indonesia. The lack of data on dirofilariasis in humans and animals is the basis reason for this study conducted through observational study methods with a cross-sectional design. A total of 201 reservoir animals were used in this study, namely house cats (Felis catus), langurs (Presbytis cristatus), longtailed monkeys (Macaca fascicularis), forest cats (Felis silvestris) and dogs (Canis familiaris) in two filariasis-endemic areas, namely Hulu Sungai Utara Regency (HSU) and Kotawaringin Barat Regency (KOBAR), Kalimantan. Taking animal blood through veins was performed at night. The presence of microfilariae in the blood was detected through thick and thin blood pressure pre-test. The results showed that 21% and 28.7% of animal reservoirs in HSU and KOBAR districts were sequentially infected with microfilariae. Domestic animals that are infected with microfilariae were higher than wild animals. Based on the causative agent, Dirofilaria spp. (20. 89%) was more dominant in infected reservoir animals, followed by Brugia malayi (2.48%). The mixed infections were also found in 1.49% of reservoir animals. These results indicated that reservoir animals in the two districts have the potential as a source of filariasis transmission, as well as a source of zoonotic agents in cases of dirofilariasis. Routine and integrated monitoring and collaboration between cross-program stakeholders must be continuously carried out to break the chain of transmission of filariasis and prevent zoonotic transmission from dirofilariasis. Keyword: Brugia malayi, Dirofillaria spp, Kalimantan, Reservoir Abstrak. Penyakit limfatik filariasis dan dirofilariasis berpotensi zoonosis di Indonesia. Kurangnya data tentang dirofilariasis pada manusia dan hewan menjadi dasar alasan dilakukannya studi ini menggunakan metode studi observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Sebanyak 201 hewan reservoir digunakan pada penelitian ini, yaitu kucing rumah (Felis catus), lutung (Presbytis cristatus), monyet ekor panjang (Macaca fascicularis), kucing hutan (Felis silvestris) dan anjing (Canis familiaris) di dua daerah endemis filariasis, yaitu Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara (HSU) dan Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat (KOBAR), Kalimantan. Pengambilan darah hewan melalui vena dilakukan pada malam hari. Keberadaan mikrofilaria dalam darah dideteksi melalui preparat ulas darah tebal dan tipis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 21% dan 28,7% hewan reservoir di Kabupaten HSU dan KOBAR secara berurutan terinfeksi mikrofilaria. Hewan domestikasi yang terinfeksi mikrofilaria lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan hewan liar. Berdasarkan agen penyebabnya, Dirofilaria spp. (20,89%) lebih dominan menginfeksi hewan reservoir, diikuti dengan Brugia malayi (2,48%). Infeksi campuran diperoleh dari 1,49% hewan reservoir. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa hewan reservoir di kedua kabupaten tersebut berpotensi sebagai sumber penularan filariasis, sekaligus sebagai sumber agen zoonosis pada kasus dirofilariasis. Pemantauan secara rutin dan terintegrasi serta kolaborasi antar stake holder lintas program harus terus dilakukan untuk memutus mata rantai penularan filariasis dan menghambat terjadinya penularan zoonosis dari dirofilariasis. Kata Kunci: Brugia malayi, Dirofillaria spp, Kalimantan, Reservoir DOI Cara sitasi : : 10.22435/jhecds.v3i2.7786.24-30 Andiarsa D, Hairani B, Fadilly A. Brugia malayi dan dirofilaria spp sebagai penyebab filariasis pada hewan reservoir di daerah endemis di Kalimantan. J.Health.Epidemiol. Commun.Dis. 2018;4(1): 24-30. (How to cite) JHECDs Vol. 4, No. 1, Juni 2018