A kommunista oktatáspolitika a II. világháború utáni években a kettéhasított Európában

Kulcsszavak: Europai kommunista partok egyseges oktataspolitikaja; allamositott es kozpontositott iskolarendszer; egyseges 8 osztalyos altalanos iskola; a munkas-es parasz osztaly, valamint a neptanitok felemelese; a kozeposztaly iskolajanak es tanarsaganak a megtorese; totalis diktatura. A haboru utani Europaban ket, egymast kizaro kolcsonosen kizaro tarsadalmi-politikai rendszer jott letre, amelyekben az oktataspolitika csupan az egyik elem volt. A nemzetiszocialista es a fasiszta rezsimek megsemmisultek. Csak az europai nyugati reszeben allitottak vissza a diktaturak előtti demokratikus allami rendszert, mellőzve az osztalyharc allami politikajat. A konzervativ politika celjanak az allam demokratikus iranyitasa, az iskola fenntartasanak sokfelesege, a tankonyvpiac es a regimodi oktatasi rendszerek bekese tűnik. A moszkvai erdekeket szorosan kovető diktaturas kommunista orszagokban azonban a proletar diktatura keretei kozott, az osztalyharc kozepette teremtettek meg az allam erdekeit szorosan kovető oktatasi rendszer szervezeti rendjet. A tanulmany megkiserli bemutatni a nyugat- es kelet europai kommunista oktatasi politika kozos elemeit, amelyek csak a szovjet befolyasi ovezetben valosultak meg. Communist educational policy in a split Europe after World War II Key words: common educational policy of European communist parties; nationalized and centralized school system; unified 8-year primary school; elevation of the working and peasant class and of elementary teachers; breaking the school of the middle class and its teaching community; totalitarian dictatorship After World War II, in Europe two mutually exclusive social-political systems were formed, in which educational policy was only one element. National socialist and fascist regimes were annihilated. The democratic state system, which existed prior to dictatorships and avoided the state politics of class struggle, was only reinstated in Western Europe. The objective of conservative politics was to govern the state democratically and to maintain diversity in the school system and on the textbook market. In dictatorial communist countries, strictly aligned with the interests of Moscow, the structural system of education was created in close alignment with state interests, in a framework of proletarian dictatorship and amongst class struggle. The paper presents the common elements of Western and Eastern European communist educational policy, which were only realized in the Soviet sphere of influence.