PRESCRIPTION PATTERN OF ANTI-HYPERTENSIVE DRUGS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN KERALA AND ADHERENCE TO JNC-8 GUIDELINES

Hypertension is a leading contributor to the global burden of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Worldwide prevalence is continuing to increase. Treatment for hypertension is constantly evolving and many new drugs are added at rapid pace. The objective of this study is to investigate utilization pattern of antihypertensive drugs in hypertensive patients in Azeezia institute of Medical Sciences and Research and to find its adherence to JNC-8 guidelines for management of hypertension. Descriptive drug utilization study was conducted on 266 hypertensive patients for period of 3 months. Data retrieved from patient's medical record. The study included all hypertensive patients with or without co-morbidities and above 18 yrs who attended out-patient department. Following classes of antihypertensive drugs were analyzed: Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEI), Angiotensin Receptor blockers (ARB), beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, diuretics. Out of 266 patients, 57.5% were males and 42.5% female patients indicating higher prevalence in male population. 54.5% and 42.9% of total hypertensive patients belonged to age group above 60 years and 40-60 years respectively. 59% of the total population received combination therapy.40.9% received monotherapy. ACEI/ARB was mostly prescribed which is in adherence to JNC-8 guidelines which recommends the use of ACEI/ARB as the first choice of drug. Hypertension is more prevalent in males than in females. ACEI/ARB are the most frequently prescribed classes of drugs alone or in combination, supporting the medication adherence to JNC-8 guidelines.