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From Outbreak to Pandemic Narrative: Reading Newspaper Coverage of the 2014 Ebola Epidemic
Author(s) -
Neil Gerlach
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
canadian journal of communication
Language(s) - French
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.343
H-Index - 8
eISSN - 1499-6642
pISSN - 0705-3657
DOI - 10.22230/cjc.2016v41n4a3098
Subject(s) - framing (construction) , narrative , biosecurity , newspaper , pandemic , outbreak , media studies , political science , history , covid-19 , sociology , infectious disease (medical specialty) , virology , medicine , philosophy , linguistics , disease , archaeology , pathology
Using framing analysis, this article explores how the English language press organized coverage of the 2014 Ebola epidemic in West Africa. The coverage began with a standard “outbreak” narrative that defined the problem in terms of “primitive” lifeways and inadequate humanitarian aid. However, after the World Health Organization declared an international emergency and after Ebola carriers began to appear in the West, the framing changed toward a “pandemic” narrative that shifted attention away from medical solutions, humanitarian aid, and national safety toward government and military action, biosecurity, and the global species network. This change in the press narrative makes sense to populations in the West because they increasingly live within a “pandemic culture” that has become characteristic of globalized societies. Cet article a recours a une analyse des cadres pour explorer comment la presse de langue anglaise a couvert l’epidemie d’Ebola en Afrique de l’Ouest. Cette couverture a commence par une narration conventionnelle sur les origines de la maladie qui a mis l’accent sur les modes de vie « primitives » et l’aide humanitaire inadequate. Cependant, suivant l’etat d’urgence declare par l’Organisation mondiale de la sante et l’arrivee de personnes atteintes d’Ebola en Occident, le cadre narratif a change, soulignant l’idee d’une « pandemie » tout en attirant l’attention du public sur les interventions gouvernementales et militaires, la biosecurite et le reseau mondial d’especes plutot que sur les solutions medicales, l’aide humanitaire et la securite nationale. Ce changement narratif parait normal pour les populations occidentales parce que celles-ci vivent de plus en plus dans une « culture de la pandemie » typique des societes mondialisees.

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