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一种生存方式代表一种价值观。乡村与城市,一方延续数量有限的、 个性化的、不确定性的创造,一方推行大规模的、批量化、均一化的生产。 一方醉心于人与自然触碰所得产物的情感与质感,一方陷入市场竞争 中速度与效率的较量。人们的需求与价值取向往往随着生存条件的变 化而逆转。第三次产业革命之前,乡村无疑处于城市的从属地位。而 当社会物质基础达到一定的水准,产能与生存便利度均呈现过剩的趋 势,发展走入“极限”的困扰时,人们不得不怀疑现代文明与现代野 蛮的距离,并自发地开始重新思考一种适度舒适的、可持续的、人性 化的、个性化的生存方式,可以说城乡价值观竞争的软环境已经初步 形成。同时在日本乡村,现代交通、通讯信息网络的覆盖与良好的生 活基础设施的建立消解了城乡之间的差距。在满足人们合理舒适生活 需求的硬环境方面,乡村亦可与城市取得对等的发展条件。总之,无 论在软环境还是硬环境方面,今日日本乡村都取得了与城市等位发展 的契机。乡土价值观的复兴与存续之关键并非是让乡村更类似于城市, 而是承认并尊重乡土价值观在特定地域的主导地位,促进“个性创造” 与“批量生产”两种经济形式的平等竞争,并引导全社会的生存理念 作者: 杨希,清华大学建筑学院景观学系博士研究生。 xi-yang12@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn 摘要:在经济层面与环境层面的发展遭遇瓶颈之时,日本 乡村振兴战略开始在乡土价值观层面寻求突破,能登里山 里海乡村区域振兴运动综合性地反映了这一转变。以该运 动为例,从立法规范、景观规划的推进体制、各类民间组 织活动的内容形式特点三个角度来具体解析当代日本乡土 价值观的复兴模式,进而展现日本城乡统筹发展中重新构 筑社会意识体系的有益探索,为中国新时期乡村规划建设 提供启示。 Abstract: In recent years, the strategy of rural revitalization of Japan turned from economic and environmental aspects to rural values, which was synthetically reflected in the regional revitalization movement of Noto’s Satoyama and Satoumi. Taking this movement as a case, this paper analyzes the mode of restoration of rural values in contemporary Japan from three perspectives: the legislative norm, the method of the propulsion of landscape plan and the characteristics of civil organizations’ activities, which shows the beneficial exploration to the reconstruction of social ideological system during the balanced development of urban and rural areas in Japan and also offers inspiration and reference for Chinese rural plan in the new era.

The Exploration of Values in the Rural Revitalization in Japan: A Case Study of Noto’s Satoyama and Satoumi