Evaluation of the Toxicity Effects of Silk Fibroin on Isolated Fibroblast and Huvec Cells

Emerging line research showed that silk nanoparticles (NPs) have toxicity on the fibroblast and Huvec cells without any toxicity recognized mechanisms. Recently, it suggested peripheral arterial disease confounds almost eight million Americans. Also, due to the main effect of fibroblast in a production of extracellular matrix (ECM), adhesive molecules, glycoproteins and various cytokines, it decided to define the toxicity mechanistic of silk NPs in fibroblast and Huvec cells based on oxidative stress markers. Therefore, it investigated whether silk NPs is able to induce any abnormality in the fibroblast and Huvec cells based on reliable and documented oxidative stress methods. Our results indicated that silk NPs (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/mL) induces cellular and mitochondrial dysfunction including an increase in ROS production, lipid peroxidation, mitochondria membrane potential (MMP) collapse, and oxidation of thiol groups which caused to cytochrome c release. Besides, lysosomal integrity damage and decreased in ATP/ADP ratio proposed disruptive effect of silk NPs on the mitochondrial respiratory chain and cell death signaling induction.