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Les lois économiques doivent-elles s appliquer aux biens de subsistance ?
Author(s) -
Alain Clément
Publication year - 2006
Language(s) - English
DOI - 10.22004/ag.econ.201672
While many very general laws exist in economics (Malthus’s law, the law of supply and demand,;Engel’s law, etc.) attesting that the scientific character of the discipline, ‘vital resources’ fall into a category of;their own and are recognised as such. This has led to the creation of knowledge and specific laws that are not;applicable and not transposable to other areas of economics (e.g. the King-Davenant law). Some economists have;even proposed to transfer ‘vital resources’ because of their specific character from the domain of economics to another;disciplinary, moral and political domain, more in relation with our way to think the role of subsistence goods in;the history of humanity. Thereby they opened the way and provided justification for other types of (normative);‘man-made’ laws and for rules and norms. It is then easier to understand why, even in today economic debates, we;talk of the ‘agricultural exception’. S’il existe de nombreuses lois tres generales en economie (loi de Malthus, loi de l’offre et de la;demande, loi d’Engel, …) qui temoignent du caractere scientifique de la discipline, « les vivres »;constituent un champ specifique, reconnu comme tel, qui debouche sur la formation d’un savoir et de;lois particulieres, non applicables, non transposables a d’autres champs de l’economie (loi de;King-Davenant, par exemple). Dans le passe, un certain nombre d’economistes ont meme propose que;« les vivres » sortent du champ de l’economie, en raison de cette specificite, et rejoignent un autre;champ disciplinaire, moral et politique, plus conforme a l’idee que nous nous faisons du role des;subsistances dans l’histoire de l’humanite. Ils ont ainsi ouvert la voie et la justification a d’autres types;de lois (normatives) a des regles et des normes edictees par les hommes. On comprend mieux pourquoi,;aujourd’hui encore, on parle « d’exception agricole » dans les debats economiques.

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