Mucormicose aguda por Rhizopus isolado de fragmento de tecido pulmonar de paciente imunocomprometido: relato de caso / Acute Mucormycosis due to Rhizopus isolated in patient´s lung tissue fragments: case report

O genero Rhizopus e responsavel por varias infeccoes, dentre elas a pulmonar, a qual acomete ate 11% dos casos. O objetivo desse estudo e relatar o isolamento do genero Rhizopus sp. de fragmento de tecido pulmonar de um paciente com cetoacidose diabetica. Paciente do genero masculino, 22 anos, queixou-se de dispneia, dor intensa no hemitorax esquerdo e dorso. Foram solicitados: teste rapido para HIV, duas pesquisas para baciloscopia, exame de radiologia do torax e uma cultura micologica de fragmento de tecido pulmonar. No exame micologico direto, foram observadas varias hifas hialinas largas de paredes finas e cenociticas, estoloes e rizoides, e, em cultura, houve o desenvolvimento de colonia de crescimento rapido em temperatura ambiente, de coloracao inicialmente branca. A micromorfologia da cultura revelou a presenca de esporangioforos com esporângios contendo esporangiosporos, o que confirma diagnostico de mucormicose por Rhizopus sp. O paciente foi a obito devido ao agravamento do quadro clinico. Palavras-Chave: Mucormicose; Cetoacidose; Rhizopus ; Pneumopatias ABSTRACT The Rhyzopus genus is responsible for various infections, including the lung infection, which affects up to 11% of the cases. The aim of this study is to report the isolation of genus Rhyzopus sp. of lung tissue fragment of a patient having diabetic ketoacidosis. Male patient, 22 years of age, complaining of dyspnea, severe pain in the left hemithorax and back. It was requested: a quick test for HIV, two surveys to smear, radiological examination of the chest and a mycological culture of lung tissue fragments. The direct mycological examination revealed several large hyaline hyphae with thin walls and cenocytic walls, stolons and rhizoids. The culture exam has shown the developing of a fast-growing colony at room temperature, initially white. The micromorphology of the culture has shown the presence of sporangiophores with sporangia containing sporangiospores confirming the diagnosis of mucormycosis by Rhyzopus sp. The patient died due to the worsening of clinical condition. Keywords: Mucormycosis; Ketoacidosis; Rhyzopus; Acute lung injury