English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background and Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between the hepatitis B virus surface Ag (HBsAg) genotypes and variations in the clinical/serological pictures among HBsAg positive chronic patients from South Khorasan province of Iran. Methods: Twenty-five patients were enrolled in this study. The HBs Ag gene was amplified and was directly sequenced. Genotypes and nucleotide/amino acid substitutions were characterized comparing with sequences obtained from the database. Results: All strains belonged to genotype D, subgenotype D1 and subtype ayw2. Eight samples (group I) contained at least one mutation at the single amino acid level. Five out of 8 samples showed ALT levels above the normal range of which only one sample was anti-HBe positive. Group II (17 samples) did not contain any mutation, 4 were anti-HBe positive and 9 had increased ALT levels. In both groups, in anti-HBe positive patients who showed high levels of ALT, only one sample had amino acid mutations. Conversely, 7 of 20 samples with HBeAg positivity had mutations. In both groups, from a total of 18 amino acid mutations, 5 (27.5%) and 13 (72.5%) occurred in anti-HBe and HBeAg positive groups respectively. In general, there was no correlation between the occurrence of mutations and HBeAg status/ALT levels of the patients. Conclusion: The relatively small number of nucleotide/amino acid mutations might belong to either the initial phase (tolerant phase) of chronicity in our patients, regardless of being anti-HBe positive; or that even in anti-HBe positive phase in Iranian genotype D-infected patients, a somehow tolerant pattern due to the host genetic factors may be responsible.

HBV Surface Ag mutations in chronic carriers are rare in Baloochstan provinces of Iran: a community with a low rate of HBV-related cirrhosis and HCC