As Fronteiras do Estado: violências, milícias, crime organizado e políticas de segurança pública em áreas socialmente vulneráveis

The work debate themes related to violence against the individual and society, dealing with the frontiers of the State action in the security area, relating several factors, such as: militia, organized crime, socially vulnerable areas, besides the human condition of those who live under the orbit of violence without the protection of the government. The concept of “society of interest in crime” was created, in which are inserted those who practices the crime and those who benefits from it. Part of the absence of the State involvement in certain areas is due to political and social actions; however, an individually ethical and moral question contributes to the maintenance of this “society of interest in crime”, where profit and individual benefit prevail on moral and ethical precepts and indicators of moral practices. In this context, individuals living in socially vulnerable areas suffer violence both from organized crime and from the absent State, making their vulnerability evident. The methodology used in this article is based on the sociological current known as “historical sociology”, a current that elaborates a combination of issues that are rich in details, studying how societies have developed in the course of their history, and analyzing how social structures, considered by many to be natural, are actually shaped by complex social processes. According to this current, the structure is shaped by institutions and organizations that affect society resulting insocial phenomena ranging from social inequality, vulnerability, violence and war issues. Historical sociology is concerned mainly with the evolution of the State, analyzing the relations between states, classes, economic and political systems. As a methodological reference, the author also uses the works of Charles Tilly, Judith Butler, and Giorgio Agamber, targeting and, at the same time, concerned to bond the relations between a series of conceptual elements inherent to the situation.