Koroner Yoğun Bakım Hastalarının Hasta Öğrenim Gereksinimlerinin Belirlenmesi

This study has been made in order to identify coronary intensive care unit patients’ patient learning requirements before they are discharged. Method: Descriptive research has been made real at the coronary care unit of a public hospital with 141 patients who stay in hospital and whose discharge has been planned between 15 th December 2016-15 th February 2017. Patient information form and the scale of patient learning requirements (SPLR) have been used in order to collect data. Descriptive analysis was made and continuous data were compared with Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis tests . Results: The average age of the patients who registered to study has been found that 60.8±11.4, 63.1% are male, 85.1% are married, 46.1% are primary school graduates and 31.2% are retired. 63.1% of the patients are found to have comorbidities, of which 26.2% are found to have hypertension. 90.1% said they had someone to take care of themselves at home, 59.6% said they did not receive discharge training, and 53.2% stated that they want to take discharge training from a nurse. The average point of SPLR has been found to be 193.6±19.8. The highest materiality level of scale sub-dimension has been found in medicines and life activities, the lowest materiality level of scale sub-dimension has been found to be emotions that are related to situation, society and monitoring sub-dimensions. When examined the mean age of the patients and the mean score of HGOS the mean score of all sub-dimensions of patients under 60 years of age was statistically significantly higher with respect to patients over 61 (p < 0,05) . Learning requirements of married patients are higher than single patients in terms of medicines, life activities, treatment and complications (p<0,05). In addition, the mean scores of the emotional, life quality, skin care sub-scales of the patients who received discharge training were statistically significantly higher (p<0,05). Conclusion: It has been found that patients’ learning requirements related to discharging are high. In the light of research results it has been found that married patients with high school or higher educational degree, whose age are under 60 need higher learning requirements. It has also been found that patients’ learning requirements vary according to their sociodemographic attributes; taking these attributes into consideration while planning discharge training for the patients will increase their life quality. Giris: Bu calisma koroner yogun bakim unitesinde yatan hastalarin, taburcu olmadan once ogrenim gereksinimlerinin belirlenmesi amaciyla yapilmistir. Yontem: Tanimlayici tipteki bu arastirma bir Devlet Hastanesi Koroner Yogun Bakim Unitesinde 15 Aralik 2016- 15 Şubat 2017 tarihleri arasinda yatan ve taburculugu planlanan 141 hasta ile gerceklestirilmistir. Verilerin toplanmasinda hasta bilgi formu ve Hasta Ogrenim Gereksinimleri Olcegi (HOGO) kullanilmistir. Tanimlayici analiz yapilip surekli veriler Mann Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis testleri ile karsilastirilmistir. Bulgular: Arastirmaya katilan hastalarin yas ortalamasinin 60.8±11.4 yil oldugu, %63.1'inin erkek, %85.1'inin evli, %46.1'inin ilkokul mezunu, %31.2'sinin emekli oldugu belirlenmistir. Hastalarin, %63.1'inin ek hastaligi oldugu, ek hastaligi olanlarin da %26.2'sinin hipertansiyon oldugu bulunmustur. %90.1'i evde kendilerine bakacak biri oldugunu, %59.6'si taburculuk egitimi almadigini ve %53.2'si taburculuk egitimini hemsireden almak istedigini ifade etmistir. HOGO puan ortalamasi 193.6 ±19.8 bulunmustur. Olcek alt boyutlarinda en yuksek onemlilik duzeyi ilaclar ve yasam aktiviteleri, en dusuk onemlilik duzeyi ise duruma iliskin duygular, toplum ve izlem alt boyutlarinda bulunmustur. Hastalarin yaslari ile HOGO toplam puan ortalamalarina bakildiginda, 60 yas altindaki hastalarin tum alt boyutlara iliskin puan ortalamalari 61 yas ve uzerine gore yuksek cikmistir (p < 0,05). Evlilerde ogrenme gereksinimi ilaclar, yasam aktiviteleri, tedavi ve komplikasyonlar bakimindan bekarlara gore daha yuksektir (p < 0,05).  Ayrica daha onceden taburculuk egitimi almis olan hastalarin duruma iliskin duygular, yasam kalitesi, cilt bakimi alt boyutlarina ait puan ortalamalari yuksek cikmistir (p < 0,05). Sonuc: Hastalarin taburculuga iliskin bilgi gereksinimi yuksek duzeyde bulunmustur. Arastirma sonucunda lise ve uzeri egitim duzeyine sahip, evli, yaslari 60 ve altinda olan hastalarin ogrenim gereksinimlerinin yuksek oldugu bulunmustur. Hastalarin sosyodemografik ozelliklerine gore ogrenim gereksinimlerinin farklilik gosterdigi bulunmustur; hastalara taburculuk egitimi planlanirken bu durumun goz onune alinarak egitim verilmesi yasam kalitelerini artiracaktir.