Passivity, Assertiveness and Aggression Scale-PAAS: Study of Reliability and Validity

Passivity, assertiveness and aggression are the patterns of communication that people use to express their emotions and thoughts. In this respect, a need for a valid and reliable assessment tool for these three communication patterns has arisen. In order to meet this need, our study seeks to assess validity and reliability of PAAI (Personal Assertion Analysis Inventory), which was developed by Hedlund ve Lindqvist (1984)   Methods: This study is conducted with 328 university students with an average age of 21,03 (SS=2,14). For the language reliability of the scale, professional translation, reverse translation and consistency of these translations are examined. For the reliability, test, re-test and Cronbach Alpha coefficient is calculated, which indicates the internal validity of the scale items. The total test points and correlations power index is declared acceptable at 0,20 and above. After calculating the reliability and item selectivity of each dimension, confirmatory factor analysis is conducted for validity. Results: There are 10 items for each sub-category within the original scale. Among the model-data consistency indicators, CFI (0.91), NFI (0.81), AGFI (0.87) values are calculated in the confirmatory factor analysis. Moreover, the consistency index IFI, which indicates the probability of SRMR value independently of the sample, is calculated as   0.91. In addition, the 90% contingent confidence interval of RMSEA value is calculated as 0.042-0.053. Finally, it is found out that SRMR value (0.053), which indicates the consistency of the model's standardized error, is acceptable. Conclusion: The findings of the study show that the PAAI is composed of 3 dimensions: passivity, assertiveness and aggression and the results are valid and reliable. Giris: Edilgenlik, giriskenlik ve saldirganlik insanlarin duygu ve dusuncelerini ifade etmede kullandiklari iletisim kaliplaridir. Bununla birlikte, insanlarin edilgenlik, giriskenlik ve saldirganlik durumlarini gecerli ve guvenilir bir olcme araci ile degerlendirme gereksinimi hissedilir olmustur. Bu gereksinimi karsilamak uzere gerceklestirilen calisma, Hedlund ve Lindqvist (1984) tarafindan gelistirilen EGS (Personal Assertion Analysis Inventory) Olcegi’nin gecerligini ve guvenirligini belirlemeyi amaclamaktadir. Yontem: Bu calisma, yas ortalamasi 21,03 (SS=2,14) olan 328 universite ogrencisi uzerinde gerceklestirilmistir. Olcegin dil gecerliligi icin uzman kanisina dayali ceviri, ters ceviri ve bu cevirilerin tutarliligi incelenmistir. Guvenirligi icin, test-tekrar test ve olcegi olusturan maddelerin ic tutarliligini veren Cronbach Alpha Katsayisi hesaplanmistir. Olcegi olusturan maddelerin toplam test puanlari ile korelasyonlari hesaplanarak, madde ayiricilik gucu indeksleri hesaplanmistir. Madde ayiricilik gucu indeksleri, 0,20 ve uzerinde olmasi kabul edilebilir olcut olarak alinmistir. Her bir boyuttaki maddelerin olusturdugu olcegin guvenirligi ve madde ayiriciliklari hesapladiktan sonra, gecerlilik icin dogrulayici faktor analizi yapilmistir. Bulgular: Olcegi olusturan uc alt boyut icin 10’ar madde, olcegin orijinalinde belirlenmistir. Dogrulayici faktor analizinde, model-veri uyumu gostergelerinden olan CFI (0.91), NFI (0.81), AGFI (0.87) degerleri bulunmustur. Ayrica, orneklemden bagimsiz olarak SRMR degerinin olasiligini veren uyum indeksi IFI degeri 0.91 olarak belirlenmistir. Ayrica, RMSEA degerinin % 90 olasilikli guven araliginin 0.042-0.053 oldugu saptanmistir. Son olarak modelin standartlastirilmis hatalarina iliskin, model uyumunu veren SRMR degerinin (0.053) kabul edilebilir oldugu gorulmektedir. Sonuc: Arastirma sonucunda, EGS Olcegi’nin edilgenlik, giriskenlik ve saldirganlik olmak uzere uc boyuttan olustugu, gecerli ve guvenilir sonuclar verdigi belirlenmistir.