Stopping power and scattering angle calculations of charged particle beams through thin foils

It is important to understand the effects of introducing foils into the path of charged particle beams. In the APS linac system, the intention is to insert thin foils before and after the positron generating target to protect the accelerating structures immediately before and after the target. Electron beams that pass through a dense material lose energy in collisions with the atomic electrons. The scattering path of electrons is much less straight than that of heavier particles (mu, pi meson, K meson, proton, etc.). After a short distance electrons tend to diffuse into the material, rather than proceeding in a rectilinear path