Multibunch Instabilities and Cures

The common approach to achieve the high luminosity needed for high precision measurements adopted by the particle factories now under construction consists in storing high current e{sup +}e{sup -} beams distributed in many bunches in separate rings. The beams are brought together to collide at one interaction point. An inconvenience of this strategy is that the performances can be seriously limited by unstable coupled-bunch oscillations excited by transients or noise and sustained by long-lasting parasitic resonating modes (high order modes-HOM) in the vacuum chamber, mainly in the RF cavities. Minimization of the HOM content and broad-band feedback systems together with the reduction of the driving transients are the complementary cures to this kind of disease. This paper introduces the subject with some examples and special emphasis on bunch-by-bunch feedback systems.