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ii Executive Summary  iii Acknowledgements  vi 1.0 Introduction  1 1.1 Target Material and Requirements  1 1.2 Radiation Damage in Graphite  2 1.3 Radiation Damage in C/C Composite  7 1.4 Experimental Objectives 16 2.0 Irradiation of Target Materials  18 2.1 Pre-Irradiation Characterization of Graphite and 3D C/C Composite  18 2.2 BLIP Irradiation Target Set-Up and Environment  20 3.0 Post-Irradiation Examination Description  29 4.0 Results  33 4.1 LBNE Graphites – Post-Irradiation Assessment  33 4.1.1 Thermal conductivity assessment  33 4.1.2 Thermal stability and damage annealing  34 4.1.3 Damage reversal during annealing  41 4.1.4 Mechanical testing of irradiated LBNE graphite  43 4.1.5 Radiation-induced stiffness changes in graphite – ultrasound method  49 4.2 3D C/C Composite Post-Irradiation Assessment  54 4.2.1 Thermal annealing and dimensional changes  56 4.2.2 Weight loss measurements  59 4.2.3 Mechanical testing of 3D C/C composite  60 4.2.4 Ultrasonic testing of 3D C/C composite  62 4.2.5 Thermal conductivity  62 4.3 h-BN Post-Irradiation Assessment  62 5.0 Discussion of Results and Conclusions  67 6.0 Future Work  70 Appendices  71 Appendix A  72 Appendix B  81 Appendix C  90 References  100

Long Baseline Neutrino Experiment (LBNE) Target Material Radiation Damage from Energetic Protons of the Brookhaven Linear Isotope Production (BLIP) Facility