Szkolna nauka czytania i pisania z wykorzystaniem wybranych elementarzy – refleksje metodyczne

The text deals with learning to read and write at the initial stage of school education and the role of textbooks in the process of child literacy. The article is of a review nature. The first part shows the psycholinguistic basics of reading and writing and the differences between language systems, conditioning the use of specific methods of learning to read and write. The structure, function and methodical aspects of work with textbooks were described, which was treated as an effective didactic aid and effective form of the child's initiation into the world of writing. In the second part, selected textbooks and the concepts of reading and writing science proposed by their authors are characterized. The traditional approach - didactic and non-evaluative approach - was used to analyze the textbooks. Finally, examples of contemporary Polish, German and one Russian textbook are indicated. The criterion for their selection was the long-term use (nearly half a century) in the first years of school education and the dominance of analytical and synthetic methods in the teaching of reading and writing.