Sensitivity analysis of external conditions based on the MARS-Sobol method: case study of Tai Lake, China

This study utilized the ECO Lab model calculation samples of Tai Lake, in combination with robust analysis and the GCV test, to promote a faster intelligent application of machine learning and evaluate the MARS machine learning method. The results revealed that this technique can be better trained with small-scale samples, as indicated by the R values of the water quality test results, which were all >0.995. In combination with the Sobol sensitivity analysis method, the contribution degree of the parameterized external conditions as well as the relationship with the water quality were examined, which indicated that TP and TN are primarily related to the external input water quality and flow, while Chl-a is related to inflow (36.42%), TP (26.65%), wind speed (25.89%), temperature (8.38%), thus demonstrating that the governance of Chl-a is more difficult. In general, the accuracy and interpretability of MARS machine learning are more in line with the actual situation, and the use of the Sobol method can save computer calculation time. The results of this research can provide a certain scientific basis for future intelligent management of lake environments.