Research on the decision-making of flood prevention emergency plans during reservoir construction based on generalized intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets and TOPSIS

Reservoir engineering is of great significance for the reduction of regional flood disasters and ensuring the sustainable development of agriculture. This paper proposed a decision-making model based on generalized intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets and TOPSIS. First, an evaluation index system was comprehensively identified and constructed. Then, generalized intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets were used to describe the index attribute values of emergency plans to fully reflect the certainty, uncertainty, and hesitancy of indexes, and their weights were calculated by Fuzzy Ordered Weighted Averaging (FOWA) to adequately consider the ambiguity of experts’ judgment. Finally, the TOPSIS method was extended via the generalized intuitionistic fuzzy soft sets to the sequencing of emergency plans. In addition, the Wangjiazhou Reservoir Project in China was selected as a case study. The case study demonstrated that full use of emergency materials and personnel was the most important factor, and the plan of the overflow rock-fill dam was the optimal flood prevention emergency plan. Compared with the classical TOPSIS, the new model proposed in this paper was found to have improved feasibility and effectiveness, and its evaluation results were more objective and reasonable. Therefore, the proposed method could provide both theoretical and practical reference.