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This study evaluates the effect of photochemical advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) (O3/UV, H2O2/UV and O3/H2O2/UV) on the formation potential (FP) of emerging disinfection by-products including nitrogenous by-products (N-DBPs) and haloketones (HKs) in groundwater from part of the Pannonian Basin (AP Vojvodina, Republic of Serbia). Among the N-DBPs, the haloacetonitrile (HAN) precursor contents were 9.83 ± 0.59 μg/L while precursors of halonitromethanes, particularly trichloronitromethane (TCNM) were not detected. Similarly, precursors of HKs as carbonaceous DBPs were also not detected in raw water. Ozonation alone and the H2O2/UV process with a lower UV dose maximally decomposed HAN precursors (about 70%) while during O3-based AOPs, HANFP varied significantly. Application of UV photolysis and H2O2/UV processes with increasing UV dose doubled the HANFP. Ozone alone, O3/UV and H2O2/UV slightly increased HK formation potential, particularly 1,1-dichloro-2-propanone FP (0.93 ± 0.21 to 2.01 ± 0.37 μg/L). None of the investigated treatments influenced the formation of TCNM precursors. The effect of the applied treatments on bromide incorporation was most evident for HANs.

water supply

Effect of photochemical advanced oxidation processes on the formation potential of emerging disinfection by-products in groundwater from part of the Pannonian Basin