Sustainability assessment of wastewater treatment techniques in urban areas of Iraq using multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) | Zendy

Isam I. Omran | Zendy; Nabeel Hameed Al-Saati | Zendy; Hyam H. Al-Saati | Zendy; Khalid Hashim | Zendy; Zainab N. Al-Saati | Zendy

Open Access

Sustainability assessment of wastewater treatment techniques in urban areas of Iraq using multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA)

Author(s) -

Isam I. Omran,

Nabeel Hameed Al-Saati,

Hyam H. Al-Saati,

Khalid Hashim,

Zainab N. Al-Saati

Publication year - 2021

Publication title -

water practice and technology

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 0.243

H-Index - 15

ISSN - 1751-231X

DOI - 10.2166/wpt.2021.013

Subject(s) - sustainability , multiple criteria decision analysis , christian ministry , wastewater , dominance (genetics) , sewage treatment , dimension (graph theory) , environmental science , environmental engineering , aeration , environmental economics , environmental planning , waste management , mathematics , engineering , economics , political science , operations research , chemistry , ecology , biochemistry , gene , pure mathematics , law , biology

Sustainable development is based on environmental, social, economic, and technical dimensions. In this study, the sustainability of wastewater treatment techniques in urban areas of Iraq was assessed using a multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA)/the weighted sum model (WSM). The analysis was performed on 13 operating wastewater treatment plants in 10 provinces, Iraq, using a questionnaire sheet with the assistance of 52 specialists in the Ministry of Municipalities and Public Works, Iraq. Four types of wastewater treatment techniques (Conventional Treatment, Oxidation Ditches, Aeration Lagoons, and membrane bio-reactor (MBR)) were assessed. The environmental, social, economic, and technical dimensions were represented by 11, 5, 7, and 4 indicators, respectively. The main results of this study indicate that the sustainability of MBR recorded the highest total importance; the order of the total importance from the highest to the lowest was: MBR. Oxidation Ditches.Aeration Lagoons. Conventional Treatment. The environmental dimension proved its dominance in the four studied treatment techniques’ sustainability as it recorded the maximum contribution to sustainability. While the technical dimension recorded the least contribution to sustainability, the order from the highest to the lowest was: Environmental Dimension. Economic Dimension. Social Dimension. Technical Dimension.

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