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Aim: The aim of the present study was to synthesize and characterize sol-gel derived bioactive glass scaffold and evaluate the effect of substitution of Zirconium (Zr), Strontium (Sr), and Zinc (Zn) on the their bioactivity, biodegradability and mechanical properties. Materials and Methods: Bioactive glass scaffold samples with compositions 80% SiO2-15%CaO and 5% P2O5 and 75 % SiO2-15% CaO 5% P2O5 and 5% MO (in mol%) (M=Sr, Zr or Zn) were synthesized using the sol–gel combined with foam replication method. The scaffolds were characterized by DTA, XRD, SEM and FTIR spectroscopy. Their mechanical properties were measured and their bioactivity/ biodegradability were evaluated in simulating body fluid (SBF). Results: All the scaffolds showed no distinct difference in phase composition, macroporous structure, percent porosity or pore size distribution. Conclusions: Sr, Zr and Zn substitution decreased the mechanical properties of the bioglass system. Sr and Zr ions enhanced the formation of nano-structured hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) layer, whereas Zn ions diminished the bioactivity. Moreover, Sr ions increased the biodegradability of the bioglass system.

The Effect of Various Elements Substitution on Properties of Bioactive Glass Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering.