Bootstrap Panel Granger-Causality between Government Spending and Revenue
Author(s) -
António Afonso,
Christophe Rault
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
ssrn electronic journal
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
ISSN - 1556-5068
DOI - 10.2139/ssrn.1310677
Subject(s) - granger causality , revenue , causality (physics) , government revenue , economics , econometrics , government spending , government (linguistics) , panel data , monetary economics , finance , market economy , linguistics , philosophy , physics , quantum mechanics , welfare
Using bootstrap panel analysis, allowing for cross-country correlation, without the need of pre-testing for unit roots, we study the causality between government revenue and spending for the EU in the period 1960-2006. Spend-and-tax causality is found for Italy, France, Spain, Greece, and Portugal, while tax-and-spend evidence is present for Germany, Belgium, Austria Finland and the UK, and for several EU New Member States.
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