Achieving Unity of Effort in Multinational Peace Operations: A Strategic Review.

: The complex security environment makes unity of command difficult to achieve at the strategic level. Unity of effort has become the central means of ensuring unified direction at the strategic and operational levels. Multinational peace operations, in particular, increase the number of actors and exacerbate the difficulties in achieving unified direction. The study examines how unity of effort is achieved at the strategic level within multinational peace operations. To achieve the objective of multinational and multiagency cooperation, this study examines the concepts of unity of command and unity of effort, reviews the problem of focus, and then proposes mechanisms that contribute to focus and coordinated execution. The study recommends options to achieve greater unity of effort at the strategic level for the 21st Century.