Application of clearance concepts to the assessment of exposure to lead in drinking water. | Zendy

Frédéric Y. Bois | Zendy; T N Tozer | Zendy; Lauren Zeise | Zendy; Leslie Z. Benet | Zendy

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Application of clearance concepts to the assessment of exposure to lead in drinking water.

Author(s) -

Frédéric Y. Bois,

T N Tozer,

Lauren Zeise,

Leslie Z. Benet

Publication year - 1989

Publication title -

american journal of public health

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 2.284

H-Index - 264

eISSN - 1541-0048

pISSN - 0090-0036

DOI - 10.2105/ajph.79.7.827

Subject(s) - environmental science , environmental health , lead exposure , lead (geology) , maximum allowable concentration , index (typography) , maximum contaminant level , toxicology , lead poisoning , environmental chemistry , medicine , chemistry , groundwater , engineering , computer science , cats , psychiatry , world wide web , biology , geotechnical engineering , geomorphology , geology

This paper explores the application of clearance concepts to environmental toxicology. Lead, for which a clearance of about 0.5 ml/min is estimated from published data, is chosen as an example. An index for the contribution of drinking water to total exposure is developed using these concepts. For lead, this index is shown to increase with the concentration of the metal in water; it is higher for children than for adults. At the maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 10 micrograms/L proposed by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the average contribution from lead in drinking water is estimated to be 7 percent. The contribution in children is about twice as great. At and above the current MCL of 50 micrograms/L, drinking water becomes a major source of lead exposure.

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