Intracranial hemorrhage associated with late-onset group B streptococcus disease—a case report and a review of literature

To report a case of intracranial hemorrhage in an 86-day-old boy with late-onset group B streptococcus (GBS) disease and review the literature of GBS disease. Physical and auxiliary examinations and PubMed search with keywords of "GBS disease" and "intracranial hemorrhage". The 86-day-old boy was admitted to hospital for respiratory arrest. High tension in bregma indicated intracranial infection. Laboratory examination showed low red blood cell account, low white blood cell account and high C-reactive protein account. Also, GBS was positive in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood culture. Computed tomography (CT) indicated intracranial hemorrhage. Meropenem and other supportive treatment started immediately. Because of the patient's poor condition, the patient's parents abandoned the treatment. As for literature review, intracranial hemorrhage is rarely seen in late-onset disease (LOD). The case contributes to further exploration on the syndromes of GBS disease. Clinical workers should notice the complexity of bacterial infection. The relationship between polluted breast milk and infection remains to be explored.