Three-Dimensional Assembly of Multilayered Tissues Using Water Transfer Printing

A rapid construction process is necessary to build up numerous cell modules into three-dimensional (3D) tissues that retain the tissue geometries and initial conditions of the cells. We propose a new 3D assembly technique using water transfer printing to fabricate a hollow tubular tissue structure. Utilizing this assembly technique, we discuss the relationship between the 3D transcriptional body of a gel matrix and the developed shape of transferred tissue. We then fabricate hollow tubular tissue. Simulation of the 3D environment in which tissues normally develop and function is crucial for the engineering of in vitro models that can be used for the formation of complex tissues. These artificial hollow tubular tissues could be used as in vitro simulators for drug efficiency evaluation and operative training.