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As the effectiveness of the trading rules for stock trading problems has been verified, a method of extracting multi-order rules by Genetic Network Programming (GNP) is proposed using the rule accumulation for improving the efficiency of the trading rules in this paper. GNP is one of the evolutionary computations having a directed graph structure. Because of this special structure, the rule accumulation from GNP individuals is more effective for trading the stock than other methods. In this paper, there are two main points: rule extraction and trading action determination. Rule extraction is carried out in the training period, where the rules including the 1st order rules and multi-order rules, are extracted from the best individual and accumulated into the rule pools generation by generation. In the testing period, the trading action is determined by the matching degree of the stock price information with the rules, and the profits of the trading are evaluated. In the simulations, the stock prices of 16 brands in 2004, 2005 and 2006 are used for the training and those in 2007 for the testing. The simulation results show that the multi-order rules perform better than the 1st order rules. So, it is proved that themulti-order rules extracted by GNP is more effective than the 1st order rules for stock trading.

Multi-Order Rules Extraction by Genetic Network Programming with Rule Accumulation and its Application to Stock Trading Problems